Electromagnetic Induction
What is Electromagnetic Induction?
Electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon of producing electric current in an electric circuit by changing a magnetic field. This phenomenon was discovered by the English physicist Michael Faraday in 1831. Faraday observed that when he changed the intensity of the magnetic field passing through a coil, the needle of a galvanometer connected to the coil moved. This caused an electric current to be induced in the coil.
The source of electromagnetic induction is the change of the magnetic field. There are two ways to change the magnetic field: either the magnetic field source (such as a magnet) approaches or moves away from the circuit, or the magnetic field source (such as a current-carrying coil) changes the intensity of the current in the circuit. In both cases, the magnetic flux in the circuit changes. Magnetic flux is equal to the product of the intensity of the magnetic field and the cross-sectional area of the circuit. The rate of change of magnetic flux is directly proportional to the electromotive force (EMF) induced in the circuit. EMF determines the intensity of the current in the circuit.
The relationship between electromagnetic induction and the previous topic of sources of magnetic fields is that sources of magnetic fields produce magnetic fields that can cause electromagnetic induction. Sources of magnetic fields include permanent magnets, current-carrying conductors and coils. The characteristics of sources of magnetic fields affect the magnitude and direction of electromagnetic induction.
The relationship between electromagnetic induction and subsequent topics is that electromagnetic induction shows the mutual interaction between electricity and magnetism. Thanks to electromagnetic induction, electric energy can be converted to magnetic energy or vice versa. The applications of this conversion include alternating current (AC) generators, transformers, inductive sensors and wireless charging devices.
The contribution of electromagnetic induction to technological developments is very large. Thanks to electromagnetic induction, it has been possible to produce and transmit electric energy. Electric energy is an indispensable part of modern life. Electric energy can power devices that operate in lighting, heating, cooling, communication, computer, entertainment and many other areas. Electromagnetic induction also offers new research and design opportunities in science and engineering. For example, Maxwell’s equations related to electromagnetism revealed that light is also an electromagnetic wave. This formed the basis for many technologies such as optics, laser, radio, television, radar, microwave and more.
The practical life applications of electromagnetic induction are endless. Many devices that we use in daily life are based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. For example, vacuum cleaner, hair dryer, electric shaver, electric toothbrush, electric pot, mixer, blender, toaster machine , iron , electric blanket , electric stove , fan , air conditioner , refrigerator , washing machine , dishwasher , vacuum cleaner , television , radio , computer , cell phone , tablet , smart watch , wireless earphone and many more devices work thanks to
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